PHP反射机制从PHP5开始支持,做业务开发的话应该很少接触反射。我其实也是接触不多,最近在学习laravel的"优雅",就接触了到它其中的反射用法,已经我自己的看法想法。
按照之前的套路,我们来看一下官方手册,官方是怎么说的。
PHP 5 具有完整的反射 API,添加了对类、接口、函数、方法和扩展进行反向工程的能力。 此外,反射 API 提供了方法来取出函数、类和方法中的文档注释。我的理解就是php反射机制能拿到类里面的属性方法,private 和 protected的也可以
laravel整个框架设计的"优雅"就是在于container、IOC、依赖注入。我们来看一下容器中一段关于反射的代码:
IlluminateContainerContainer:
/**
* Instantiate a concrete instance of the given type.
*
* @param string $concrete
* @param array $parameters
* @return mixed
*
* @throws \Illuminate\Contracts\Container\BindingResolutionException
*/
public function build($concrete, array $parameters = [])
{
// If the concrete type is actually a Closure, we will just execute it and
// hand back the results of the functions, which allows functions to be
// used as resolvers for more fine-tuned resolution of these objects.
if ($concrete instanceof Closure) {
return $concrete($this, $parameters);
}
$reflector = new ReflectionClass($concrete);
// If the type is not instantiable, the developer is attempting to resolve
// an abstract type such as an Interface of Abstract Class and there is
// no binding registered for the abstractions so we need to bail out.
if (! $reflector->isInstantiable()) {
if (! empty($this->buildStack)) {
$previous = implode(', ', $this->buildStack);
$message = "Target [$concrete] is not instantiable while building [$previous].";
} else {
$message = "Target [$concrete] is not instantiable.";
}
throw new BindingResolutionException($message);
}
$this->buildStack[] = $concrete;
$constructor = $reflector->getConstructor();
// If there are no constructors, that means there are no dependencies then
// we can just resolve the instances of the objects right away, without
// resolving any other types or dependencies out of these containers.
if (is_null($constructor)) {
array_pop($this->buildStack);
return new $concrete;
}
$dependencies = $constructor->getParameters();
// Once we have all the constructor's parameters we can create each of the
// dependency instances and then use the reflection instances to make a
// new instance of this class, injecting the created dependencies in.
$parameters = $this->keyParametersByArgument(
$dependencies, $parameters
);
$instances = $this->getDependencies(
$dependencies, $parameters
);
array_pop($this->buildStack);
return $reflector->newInstanceArgs($instances);
}
就是实现绑定类的方法,build方法。下面我们就来分析一下:
其实在上面这个laravel中的例子已经很好的阐明了反射机制的使用方式,或许你现在的业务场景还未必能够使用到这种机制。但是,当碰到的时候请记得还有这种方式能够使用。
$class = new ReflectionClass(ucfirst($controller));
$controller = $class->newInstance();
if ($class->hasMethod($method)) {
$method = $class->getMethod($method);
$method->invokeArgs($controller, $arguments);
} else {
throw new Exception("{$controller} controller method {$method} not exists!");
}
$class = new ReflectionClass($class);
if ($class->hasMethod($method)) {
$method = $class->getMethod($method);
$object = $class->newInstance();
$class = $method->invokeArgs(new $object, $params);
var_dump($res === $assert);
}
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